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- **************************************************
- * 'Homeobox' antennapedia-type protein signature *
- **************************************************
-
- The homeotic Hox proteins are sequence-specific transcription factors. They
- are part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with
- specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior (A-P) axis [1]. The
- hox proteins contain a 'homeobox' domain. In Drosophila and other insects,
- there are eight different Hox genes that are encoded in two gene complexes,
- ANT-C and BX-C. In vertebrates there are 38 genes organized in four complexes.
-
- In six of the eight Drosophila Hox genes the homeobox domain is highly similar
- and a conserved hexapeptide is found five to sixteen amino acids upstream of
- the homeobox domain. The six Drosophila proteins that belong to this group are
- antennapedia (Antp), abdominal-A (abdA), deformed (Dfd), proboscipedia (pb),
- sex combs reduced (scr) and ultrabithorax (ubx) and are collectively known as
- the 'antennapedia' subfamily.
-
- In vertebrates the corresponding Hox genes are known [2] as Hox-A2, A3, A4,
- A5, A6, A7, Hox-B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, Hox-C4, C5, C6, C8, Hox-D1,
- D3, D4 and D8.
-
- Caenorhabditis elegans lin-39 and mab-5 are also members of the 'antennapedia'
- subfamily.
-
- As a signature pattern for this subfamily of homeobox proteins, we have used
- the conserved hexapeptide.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVMFE]-[FY]-P-W-M-[KRQTA]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except
- for Drosophila abdA and lab, Hox-B1 and Hox-D1.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: Drosophila serine protease easter.
-
- -Note: Arg and Lys are most frequently found in the last position of the
- hexapeptide; other amino acids are found in only a few cases.
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / Text revised.
-
- [ 1] McGinnis W., Krumlauf R.
- Cell 68:283-302(1992).
- [ 2] Scott M.P.
- Cell 71:551-553(1992).
-